Monday, October 7, 2013

Kamikaze: KAMIKAZE ~AMERICAN JOURNALISM

A Divine Wind


On 15 August 1281 a 神風 (also known as a Kamikaze or Divine Wind) destroyed the invading Mongol fleet thus saving Japan from being taken over by China.

For the 1281 invasion, the Mongols sent two fleets to Japan.  The first was made up of 900 ships with 40,000 troops.  The second fleet had 100,000 troops sailing on 3,400 ships.  Japan had 40,000 troops; both samurai and others.  Because they were so greatly outnumbered, Japan’s prospects appeared hopeless—until the typhoon destroyed all but a few hundred Mongol ships and drowned most of the Mongol force.  In Japanese, kami translates to “divine” and kaze means “wind.”  The typhoon was seen as a divine wind sent by the gods to save Japan.

The 1281 defeat was the second attempt Kublai Khan had made to add Japan to his empire.  The first attempt had been made in 1274.  Because of concerns in other parts of the Mongol Empire, Kublai Khan did not make a third attempt to invade Japan.

Almost seven centuries later, the Japanese pilots who flew their planes in suicide missions were known as Kamikaze pilots.  The name was a direct reference to the 神風 that saved Japan in 1281.  Like the typhoon, the Kamikaze pilots were a divine wind whose mission it was to defeat Japan’s enemies.



Photo Caption:  日本武士末永在元朝軍隊的箭林彈雨下沖鋒。 (top)  Kamikaze pilot Hoshikawa Hachiro (bottom).

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